Straight water-pipe



(No Model.)

J. F. BENNETT STRAIGHT WATER PIPE. No. 298,657. PatentedMay 1a, 1884.

//lllllllllllll,r y 7A7 W lQixwsssws Q WWW W 1* V W N P ERS FIIOI STATES JOHN FRANCIS BENNETT, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

STRAIGHT WATER-PIPE.

EPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,657, dated May 13, 1884-.

Application tiled September 24, 1883. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN FRANCIS BENNETT, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inv Straight Pipes; and I doherebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form partof this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in straight pipes in which the ends are of slightly increased area over the body of the pipe; and the objects of my improvements are, first, to reduce the obstruction of the fluid passing through the pipe to a minimum, and, second, to necessitate, therefore, less power or pressure to force the liquid through the pipe than heretofore requisite. I attain these objects by the pipe illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whicl1- Figure 1 represents a vertical broken section of the pipe constructed according to the principles of my invention. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a broken elevation of the same.

In the conveyance of water and other incompressible liquids desired to be furnished for use at a given pressure, an initial pressure equal frequently to double the desired pressure must be imparted in order to attain the end sought. In all cases there is such aloss of velocity, momentum, or pressure that almost invariably additional power has to be applied to give'the water a sufficient impulse to reach the point of delivering, although the source may be of such altitude or pressure that under theoretical conditions the water should have over and above the requisite pressure without the use of intermediate power. The mechanical conditions producing this loss are capable of par tial remedy. Friction between the surfaces cannot and should not entirely be dispensed with; but there should be such a diminution in its hurtful effects that its conveyance shall be more economically secured. Especially does this reasoning apply to water transmitted for purposes of power where any decrease in its pressure correspondingly impairs its value as a motor. That has been said as to Water applies in different degrees to the transmission of steam, gas, compressed air, and other fluids. It will therefore be understood that this pipe is efficacious in their conveyance as well; hence I have, by experiment and careful study of the laws of moving fluids, devised a pipe capable of accomplishing all the purposes pointed out above.

I construct the pipe so that the area at the entrance and exit ends shall be about twice that of the main body, making the frustnm of cone forming the entrances of a length equal to about two diameters of the main body of the pipe. I generally shapethe ends conically, rounded, or bell-mouthed.

I do not restrict myself to the specific dimensions herein named, as exigencies may necessitate slight modifications, so long as the features of myinvention herein described are observed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

A straight pipe having bell-montlied-sh aped ends which have, respectively, an area equal to twice that of the main body, the length of frustnm of cone forming the entrances being equal to two diameters of the main body of the pipe, for the purpose herein fully set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. BENNETT.

Witnesses:

M. E. HARRISON, ALEX. RANDOL. 

